📈 Capital Gains Tax Calculator

2025 Federal Rates · Short-Term vs Long-Term · NIIT · Stocks, Real Estate, Crypto

📋 Sale Details

Asset Information
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Your Tax Situation
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Your W-2 / business income before this sale
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Losses from other sales reduce your taxable gain
Estimated Capital Gains Tax (Federal)
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⚠️ Federal estimates only. State income taxes on capital gains vary significantly (0% in TX/FL to 13.3% in CA). This calculator does not account for state taxes, AMT, qualified opportunity zones, or installment sales. Consult a tax professional for your specific situation.

📊 2025 Long-Term Capital Gains Brackets

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the capital gains tax rate for 2025?

For 2025, long-term capital gains rates (assets held over 1 year) are 0%, 15%, or 20% depending on your taxable income. Single filers pay 0% up to $47,025, 15% up to $518,900, and 20% above that. Married filing jointly: 0% up to $94,050, 15% up to $583,750, 20% above. Short-term gains are taxed as ordinary income at your regular bracket (10%–37%).

What is the Net Investment Income Tax (NIIT)?

The NIIT is an additional 3.8% tax on investment income for high earners. It applies to the lesser of your net investment income or the amount your MAGI exceeds $200,000 (single) or $250,000 (married filing jointly). This can push your effective long-term rate from 20% to 23.8%.

Does the IRS primary residence exclusion apply to me?

If you sell your primary home, you may exclude up to $250,000 of capital gains ($500,000 if married filing jointly) from federal tax, provided you owned and lived in the home for at least 2 of the last 5 years. This exclusion does not apply to investment properties or vacation homes.

How do capital losses reduce my tax?

Capital losses offset capital gains dollar-for-dollar. If losses exceed gains, you can deduct up to $3,000 per year against ordinary income, and carry forward the remaining loss to future years indefinitely. This strategy — tax-loss harvesting — is commonly used to minimize annual tax bills.

Are cryptocurrency gains taxed as capital gains?

Yes. The IRS treats cryptocurrency as property. Selling, exchanging, or spending crypto triggers a capital gains event. If held over 1 year, you pay long-term rates. Under 1 year = short-term ordinary income rates. Mining and staking rewards are taxed as ordinary income when received.